Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 17 to 24.
For decades, the “body clock” was seen as a minor part of medical science, often dismissed as just the cause of jet lag. However, recent studies in chronobiology have revealed a more important reality: nearly every cell in our bodies follows a strict 24-hour cycle. This circadian system, managed by a “master clock” in the brain, not only regulates sleep; it also controls metabolism, hormone levels, and immune responses. In our modern world, this natural rhythm faces threats from artificial lighting and irregular lifestyle habits.
The consequences of circadian misalignment—the gap between our internal biological time and external social schedules—are serious. The chronic disruption of circadian cycles, common among shift workers and those using screens late at night, has been linked to a multitude of health issues, including Type 2 diabetes and obesity. Eating or exercising out of sync with metabolic peaks reduces nutrient efficiency. This shows that timing—not just diet—shapes long-term health.
Furthermore, there is a bidirectional relationship between circadian health and mental well-being. Disruptions in sleep cycles are often signs of coming depressive episodes, while stabilizing these rhythms can make psychiatric treatments more effective. Even the brain’s cleaning system, which flushes out waste, works mainly during deep sleep to remove toxic proteins linked to brain diseases. Ignoring our internal timing not only causes fatigue but also gradually harms neurological health.
Solving this crisis requires a change in how we design our cities and daily lives. Experts suggest using “circadian-friendly” lighting in offices and schools to mimic natural sunlight, supporting alertness during the day while reducing sleep interference at night. Individually, learning how to align habits with biological peaks is becoming a vital life skill. A healthy society should learn to honor the ancient rhythms hardwired into our DNA.
The consequences of circadian misalignment—the gap between our internal biological time and external social schedules—are serious. The chronic disruption of circadian cycles, common among shift workers and those using screens late at night, has been linked to a multitude of health issues, including Type 2 diabetes and obesity. Eating or exercising out of sync with metabolic peaks reduces nutrient efficiency. This shows that timing—not just diet—shapes long-term health.
Furthermore, there is a bidirectional relationship between circadian health and mental well-being. Disruptions in sleep cycles are often signs of coming depressive episodes, while stabilizing these rhythms can make psychiatric treatments more effective. Even the brain’s cleaning system, which flushes out waste, works mainly during deep sleep to remove toxic proteins linked to brain diseases. Ignoring our internal timing not only causes fatigue but also gradually harms neurological health.
Solving this crisis requires a change in how we design our cities and daily lives. Experts suggest using “circadian-friendly” lighting in offices and schools to mimic natural sunlight, supporting alertness during the day while reducing sleep interference at night. Individually, learning how to align habits with biological peaks is becoming a vital life skill. A healthy society should learn to honor the ancient rhythms hardwired into our DNA.
Question 21. What can be inferred about the “brain’s cleaning system” mentioned in paragraph 3?
Question 21. What can be inferred about the “brain’s cleaning system” mentioned in paragraph 3?
Chọn một phương án bên dưới để kiểm tra đáp án ngay:
Đáp án chính thức: D
Hướng dẫn giải chi tiết
Đoạn văn nói hệ thống làm sạch của não hoạt động chủ yếu trong giấc ngủ sâu để loại bỏ protein độc liên quan đến bệnh não. Suy ra nếu hệ thống này trục trặc, nó có thể góp phần gây rối loạn thần kinh.
Chọn D.
Chọn D.