Read the following passage about urbanisation and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.
[I] Urbanisation refers to the increasing population shift from rural to urban areas, resulting in the growth of cities and metropolitan regions (Hall, 2014). [II] This phenomenon is driven by various factors, including economic opportunities, improved living standards, and social amenities available in urban centers. [III] As a result, urbanisation significantly impacts both individuals and communities, leading to a range of benefits and challenges (Davis, 2016). [IV]
One of the primary advantages of urbanisation is the economic growth it fosters. Cities often provide a plethora of job opportunities, attracting individuals seeking better employment and higher incomes. In urban areas, businesses flourish due to increased demand for goods and services, leading to enhanced economic productivity. Moreover, urbanisation encourages innovation and technological advancements, as a dense concentration of people often fosters creativity and collaboration (Florida, 2017).
However, urbanisation also presents significant challenges. Rapid population growth in cities can lead to overcrowding, straining public services such as transportation, healthcare, and education. Many urban areas struggle to provide adequate housing, resulting in the proliferation of informal settlements and slums. According to the United Nations (2018), nearly one billion people live in slums, lacking access to basic services. They also face adverse living conditions. This situation exacerbates social inequality and can lead to increased crime rates and health issues.
To address the challenges of urbanisation, sustainable urban planning is essential. Governments and urban planners must prioritize creating inclusive, well-connected cities that provide access to essential services for all residents. Strategies such as developing affordable housing, enhancing public transport systems, and promoting green spaces can help improve the quality of life in urban areas while mitigating the negative impacts of urbanisation (World Bank, 2019).
(Adapted from Urbanization and Its Impact by Hall, Davis, and others)
One of the primary advantages of urbanisation is the economic growth it fosters. Cities often provide a plethora of job opportunities, attracting individuals seeking better employment and higher incomes. In urban areas, businesses flourish due to increased demand for goods and services, leading to enhanced economic productivity. Moreover, urbanisation encourages innovation and technological advancements, as a dense concentration of people often fosters creativity and collaboration (Florida, 2017).
However, urbanisation also presents significant challenges. Rapid population growth in cities can lead to overcrowding, straining public services such as transportation, healthcare, and education. Many urban areas struggle to provide adequate housing, resulting in the proliferation of informal settlements and slums. According to the United Nations (2018), nearly one billion people live in slums, lacking access to basic services. They also face adverse living conditions. This situation exacerbates social inequality and can lead to increased crime rates and health issues.
To address the challenges of urbanisation, sustainable urban planning is essential. Governments and urban planners must prioritize creating inclusive, well-connected cities that provide access to essential services for all residents. Strategies such as developing affordable housing, enhancing public transport systems, and promoting green spaces can help improve the quality of life in urban areas while mitigating the negative impacts of urbanisation (World Bank, 2019).
(Adapted from Urbanization and Its Impact by Hall, Davis, and others)
Question 38. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4? (Underlined sentence: "Governments and urban planners must prioritize creating inclusive, well-connected cities that provide access to essential services for all residents.")
Question 38. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4? (Underlined sentence: "Governments and urban planners must prioritize creating inclusive, well-connected cities that provide access to essential services for all residents.")
Chọn một phương án bên dưới để kiểm tra đáp án ngay:
Đáp án chính thức: B
Hướng dẫn giải chi tiết
(AI giải đề cho tôi)
Câu gạch chân nói chính phủ và nhà quy hoạch đô thị phải ưu tiên xây dựng các thành phố bao trùm, kết nối tốt, đảm bảo mọi cư dân tiếp cận dịch vụ thiết yếu. B diễn đạt lại đúng ý: chính phủ cần triển khai chiến lược quy hoạch đô thị để nâng cao chất lượng cuộc sống thành phố. A sai (trái nghĩa), C sai (ưu tiên thu hút doanh nghiệp thay vì cải thiện đời sống), D chỉ nói về sự hợp tác chứ không phản ánh ý chính là ưu tiên dịch vụ thiết yếu cho mọi cư dân. Khớp đáp án nguồn: B.
Câu gạch chân nói chính phủ và nhà quy hoạch đô thị phải ưu tiên xây dựng các thành phố bao trùm, kết nối tốt, đảm bảo mọi cư dân tiếp cận dịch vụ thiết yếu. B diễn đạt lại đúng ý: chính phủ cần triển khai chiến lược quy hoạch đô thị để nâng cao chất lượng cuộc sống thành phố. A sai (trái nghĩa), C sai (ưu tiên thu hút doanh nghiệp thay vì cải thiện đời sống), D chỉ nói về sự hợp tác chứ không phản ánh ý chính là ưu tiên dịch vụ thiết yếu cho mọi cư dân. Khớp đáp án nguồn: B.