Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 27 to 34.
Modern urban planning is undergoing a seismic shift as the “Smart City” concept transitions from futuristic theory to lived reality. Integrating the Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI), these metropolises leverage data-driven insights to optimize everything from traffic flow to waste management. Proponents argue that the primary merit lies in environmental preservation. For instance, intelligent lighting systems that dim when streets are empty can reduce municipal energy consumption by up to 40%. Furthermore, real-time monitoring of water pipelines allows for the immediate detection of leaks, preventing the loss of billions of gallons of treated water.
However, the rapid digital transformation of urban spaces is not without its detractors. Skeptics point toward the “digital divide,” a phenomenon where marginalized communities lack the hardware or literacy to benefit from these advancements. There are also profound concerns regarding data privacy. In a fully integrated smart city, a citizen’s every movement, from their morning commute to their grocery preferences, is recorded and analyzed. This constant surveillance raises ethical questions about who owns this data and how it might be exploited by private corporations or overzealous governments.
Despite these hurdles, the momentum toward smart urbanization seems irrevocable. Many European capitals are already pioneering “Circular Smart Cities,” where technology is used specifically to ensure that resources are recycled and reused indefinitely. The success of these projects suggests that the smart city is not merely a collection of gadgets, but a necessary evolution in how humanity inhabits the planet.
Furthermore, these urban centers prioritize environmental preservation alongside digital efficiency. If managed with transparent governance and inclusive policies, they could represent our best hope for a sustainable future in an increasingly crowded world. Ultimately, this transformation will redefine urban living by fostering a resilient ecosystem where both people and nature can thrive together harmoniously.
(Adapted from The Guardian and BBC News)

The word they in the final paragraph refers to ______.

Chọn một phương án bên dưới để kiểm tra đáp án ngay:
Đáp án chính thức: D
Hướng dẫn giải chi tiết
Đáp án D.
Trong đoạn cuối, “these urban centers” chỉ các thành phố thông minh. Vì vậy they = smart cities.
Câu hỏi này trích từ đề thi chính thức:

Đề Thi Thử Tốt Nghiệp THPT Tiếng Anh 2025-2026 Sở GD&ĐT Hưng Yên - Lần 2 (Mã Đề 1147)

40 câu hỏi•Thời gian 50 phút•Chấm điểm & giải thích chi tiết

Các câu hỏi khác trong đề (40 câu)

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Câu 22:Question 22. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a mea
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Câu 23:Question 23. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a mea
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Câu 24:Question 24. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a mea
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Câu 25:Hi Lan, a. But once we started talking openly about our views on career and lifestyle, we both realized that we have more in common than we
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Câu 26:a. Thu: You're right. I'll start by taking short walks every evening and eating more vegetables. b. Thu: I've been feeling quite tired and s
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Câu 27:Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 1 as a benefit of smart cities?
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Câu 28:The word leverage in paragraph 1 is CLOSEST in meaning to .
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Câu 29:The word they in the final paragraph refers to .
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Câu 30:The word irrevocable in the third paragraph is OPPOSITE in meaning to .
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Câu 31:Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 2?
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Câu 32:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
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Câu 33:Which paragraph mentions the potential downsides of smart city technology regarding social equality and privacy?
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Câu 34:Question 34. Which paragraph says that smart urbanization is an essential progression for the future of the planet?
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Câu 35:Question 35.
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Câu 36:Question 36.
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