Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 6 to 13.
In recent years, the automotive industry has witnessed a significant shift towards electric vehicles (EVs). As concerns over climate change and air pollution increase, many countries are encouraging the use of EVs by offering tax incentives and building charging infrastructures. Car manufacturers, once focused on gasoline-powered cars, are now investing heavily in the development of electric models.
One of the key reasons for this shift is the environmental benefits of EVs. Unlike traditional vehicles, which rely on fossil fuels, EVs run on electricity, which can be generated from renewable sources such as wind or solar power. This reduces the carbon footprint of each vehicle significantly. Additionally, EVs produce no tailpipe emissions, which means they do not contribute to air pollution in cities, where smog and poor air quality are common issues.
However, the transition to electric vehicles is not without its challenges. One of the primary concerns is the limited range of EVs compared to gasoline-powered cars. Despite advancements in battery technology, many electric cars still require regular recharging, which can be inconvenient on long trips. Another challenge is the higher upfront cost of EVs, although this is expected to decrease as production scales up and technology improves.
Despite these hurdles, the future of electric vehicles looks promising. Governments worldwide are setting ambitious goals to phase out gasoline-powered vehicles in favor of EVs. As a result, the automotive industry is undergoing one of the most profound transformations in its history, paving the way for a greener and more sustainable future.

Question 6. According to the passage, why are governments encouraging the use of electric vehicles?

The word "incentives" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _______.

The word "they" in paragraph 2 refers to _______.

Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 3?

Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?

In which paragraph does the writer discuss the environmental benefits of EVs?

The word "hurdles" in paragraph 4 is opposite in meaning to _______.

Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 14 to 23.

Green buildings are at the forefront of the sustainable urban living movement, offering innovative solutions to the environmental challenges faced by modern cities. [I] These structures are designed to minimize their environmental impact while maximizing efficiency and comfort for occupants. From energy-efficient lighting systems to state-of-the-art waste management, green buildings incorporate a wide range of features that contribute to a more sustainable urban landscape.
One of the key benefits of green buildings is their ability to reduce energy consumption. Through the use of renewable energy sources such as solar panels and wind turbines, these buildings can significantly decrease their reliance on fossil fuels. [II] Additionally, green buildings often incorporate advanced insulation techniques and smart climate control systems, further reducing energy needs for heating and cooling.
Water conservation is another crucial aspect of green building design. Rainwater harvesting systems and greywater recycling facilities help to minimize water waste and reduce the strain on municipal water supplies. Many green buildings also feature drought-resistant landscaping and water-efficient appliances, further contributing to water conservation efforts. [III]
The impact of green buildings extends beyond their immediate environment. By reducing energy consumption and minimizing waste, these structures help to lower the overall carbon footprint of cities. [IV] Moreover, the incorporation of green spaces and rooftop gardens in building designs can help to combat the urban heat island effect and improve air quality in densely populated areas.
As cities around the world grapple with the challenges of rapid urbanization and climate change, green buildings are emerging as a vital tool in the quest for sustainable urban living. By promoting energy efficiency, water conservation, and improved air quality, these innovative structures are helping to create more liveable and environmentally friendly cities for future generations.
(Adapted from https://ielts.net/how-green-buildings-are-promoting-sustainable-urban-living/)

Question 14. According to paragraph 1, green buildings are designed to ______.

Which of the following best summarizes paragraph 2?

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a feature of green buildings?

The word "reliance" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______.

The word "they" in paragraph 4 refers to ______.

Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 5? ("As cities around the world grapple with the challenges of rapid urbanization and climate change, green buildings are emerging as a vital tool in the quest for sustainable urban living.")

According to the passage, renewable energy sources in green buildings are used to ______.

Where in the passage does the following sentence best fit?
"These environmental benefits also contribute to healthier and more comfortable living conditions for urban residents."

Which of the following best summarizes the passage?

Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

Read the following piece of news and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 24 to 29.

Gia Lai Community Tourism Campaign Promotes Sustainable Travel
The Gia Lai Community Tourism Campaign encourages residents and visitors to protect the environment through (24) ______ activities and cultural events. Supported by local authorities, schools, and youth organizations, the campaign attracts many volunteers eager to contribute (25) ______ sustainable tourism efforts.
At the heart of the campaign is a (26) ______ schedule of eco-tours and workshops introducing participants to local traditions and responsible travel practices. Useful materials are shared in an accessible manner, (27) ______ tourists and residents preserve natural and cultural sites.
Many participants are interested in (28) ______ mountain trails and joining local festivals. Through these efforts, Gia Lai is becoming an increasingly popular (29) ______ for domestic and international travelers.
(Adapted from Vietnam News)

Question 24.

(25) ______ (contribute ... sustainable tourism efforts)

(26) ______ schedule of eco-tours and workshops

(27) ______ tourists and residents preserve natural and cultural sites

(28) ______ mountain trails and joining local festivals

(29) ______ for domestic and international travelers

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 30 to 35.

Understanding Hypnic Jerks and How to Sleep Better
Do you sometimes jerk awake just as you are falling asleep?
- (30) ______ people experience hypnic jerks, which are sudden muscle movements that are usually harmless.
- Sleep experts advise people to (31) ______ stimulants such as caffeine, especially in the evening.
- A hypnic jerk often affects (32) ______ one side of the body and may feel like falling.
- (33) ______, frequent episodes can increase anxiety and lead to insomnia.
- Doctors report that a higher (34) ______ of stress may make these sleep starts more common.
- Up to now, many people (35) ______ more reassured after learning that hypnic jerks are generally benign.
- Consult a doctor if the problem occurs regularly and disrupts your sleep.

Question 30.

(31) ______ stimulants such as caffeine

(32) ______ one side of the body

(33) ______, frequent episodes can increase anxiety and lead to insomnia.

(34) ______ of stress

(35) ______ more reassured after learning that hypnic jerks are generally benign

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 36 to 40.
In the contemporary landscape of interpersonal dynamics, the phenomenon known as "parallel play" has emerged as a sophisticated mechanism for fortifying mature bonds through unassuming proximity. (36) ______; consequently, it fosters a profound sense of togetherness without the exhausting requirement for constant dialogue. (37) ______ fundamentally and quite literally, that mitigates the overwhelming social burnout often triggered by persistent expectations for active engagement. By functioning as a grounding anchor, the presence of another individual facilitates emotional co-regulation, which effectively synchronizes distinct nervous systems into a state of biological equilibrium.
That individuals can achieve intimacy while maintaining autonomy remains a cornerstone of psychological resilience. Friends might inhabit the same café to execute separate professional projects, yet they simultaneously derive comfort from their mutual, silent existence. Such low-stakes interaction bridges the paradoxical chasm between the craving for community and the necessity for solitude. (38) ______, whereby participants recharge their mental batteries through intentional quietude. Ultimately, valuing stillness proves that solitude within a collective framework is just as vital as eloquent conversation for long-term relational sustainability. Individuals, (39) ______, are empowered to nurture connections while preserving their identities. Indeed, prioritising these unassuming occurrences signifies a paradigm shift in how we perceive meaningful human interaction. (40) ______. By rejecting social fatigue, adults can find genuine relief in simple presence.

Question 36.

(37) ______ fundamentally and quite literally, that mitigates the overwhelming social burnout

(38) ______, whereby participants recharge their mental batteries through intentional quietude.

Individuals, (39) ______, are empowered to nurture connections while preserving their identities.

(40) ______. By rejecting social fatigue, adults can find genuine relief in simple presence.