Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Stress
In prehistoric times, the physical changes in response to stress were an essential adaptation for meeting natural threats. The stress response, even in the modern world, (9)_______during critical events such as sports activities, important meetings, or situations of actual danger. If stress becomes persistent and low-level, however, the brain, heart, lungs, vessels and muscles become chronically over- or under-activated. (10)______. Acute stress can also be harmful in certain situations.
Studies suggest that (11)______ is associated with depression or anxiety. In one study, two- thirds of subjects who experienced a stressful situation had nearly six times the risk of developing depression within that month. Some evidence suggests that repeated release of stress hormones disrupts normal levels of serotonin, the nerve chemical (12)___ .
Certainly, on a more obvious level, stress diminishes the quality of life by reducing feelings of pleasure and accomplishment, and relationships are often threatened. The tensions of unresolved stress frequently cause insomnia, generally keeping the stressed person awake or causing awakening in the middle of the night or early morning. In fact, evidence suggests that stress hormones can increase during sleep in anticipation of a specific waking time. (13) ______________________________.
Relaxation therapy has been found to reduce stress levels and consequently improve the quality of sleep.
(Adapted from Cambridge Vocabulary for IELTS)
In prehistoric times, the physical changes in response to stress were an essential adaptation for meeting natural threats. The stress response, even in the modern world, (9)_______during critical events such as sports activities, important meetings, or situations of actual danger. If stress becomes persistent and low-level, however, the brain, heart, lungs, vessels and muscles become chronically over- or under-activated. (10)______. Acute stress can also be harmful in certain situations.
Studies suggest that (11)______ is associated with depression or anxiety. In one study, two- thirds of subjects who experienced a stressful situation had nearly six times the risk of developing depression within that month. Some evidence suggests that repeated release of stress hormones disrupts normal levels of serotonin, the nerve chemical (12)___ .
Certainly, on a more obvious level, stress diminishes the quality of life by reducing feelings of pleasure and accomplishment, and relationships are often threatened. The tensions of unresolved stress frequently cause insomnia, generally keeping the stressed person awake or causing awakening in the middle of the night or early morning. In fact, evidence suggests that stress hormones can increase during sleep in anticipation of a specific waking time. (13) ______________________________.
Relaxation therapy has been found to reduce stress levels and consequently improve the quality of sleep.
(Adapted from Cambridge Vocabulary for IELTS)
(12) ___
(12) ___
Chọn một phương án bên dưới để kiểm tra đáp án ngay:
Đáp án chính thức: A
Hướng dẫn giải chi tiết
(AI giải đề cho tôi)
Câu 12: Chỗ trống đứng sau danh từ 'the nerve chemical' (serotonin), cần một mệnh đề quan hệ bổ nghĩa cho danh từ chỉ vật. Phương án A dùng 'that is critical for feelings of well-being' — 'that' thay thế cho danh từ chỉ vật, nghĩa phù hợp (serotonin là chất hóa học thần kinh quan trọng đối với cảm giác hạnh phúc). Câu hoàn chỉnh: '...disrupts normal levels of serotonin, the nerve chemical that is critical for feelings of well-being.' B sai vì 'what' không đứng sau danh từ đã xác định; C sai vì 'when' không bổ nghĩa cho danh từ; D sai vì 'who' chỉ dùng cho người. Đáp án A khớp với đáp án nguồn (trang 6, câu 12 = A).
Câu 12: Chỗ trống đứng sau danh từ 'the nerve chemical' (serotonin), cần một mệnh đề quan hệ bổ nghĩa cho danh từ chỉ vật. Phương án A dùng 'that is critical for feelings of well-being' — 'that' thay thế cho danh từ chỉ vật, nghĩa phù hợp (serotonin là chất hóa học thần kinh quan trọng đối với cảm giác hạnh phúc). Câu hoàn chỉnh: '...disrupts normal levels of serotonin, the nerve chemical that is critical for feelings of well-being.' B sai vì 'what' không đứng sau danh từ đã xác định; C sai vì 'when' không bổ nghĩa cho danh từ; D sai vì 'who' chỉ dùng cho người. Đáp án A khớp với đáp án nguồn (trang 6, câu 12 = A).