Đề Thi Chính Thức Môn Tiếng Anh THPT Quốc Gia 2025 - Đề 1103 - Có Đáp Án & Lời Giải Chi Tiết

Đề Thi Chính Thức Môn Tiếng Anh THPT Quốc Gia 2025 - Đề 1103 gồm 40 câu hỏi trắc nghiệm bám sát cấu trúc đề thi THPT. Có đáp án và lời giải chi tiết từng câu, bấm gi

Danh sách 40 câu hỏi trong Đề Thi Chính Thức Môn Tiếng Anh THPT Quốc Gia 2025 - Đề 1103

  1. Câu 1: Choose the option that best fits the blank (1) Some people undertake a process of extensive problem solving, in which information is sought about a series of products, (1) .
  2. Câu 2: Choose the option that best fits the blank (2) Other consumers with no patience to explore a variety of choices (2) for the sake of their convenience rather than trying to guarante
  3. Câu 3: Choose the option that best fits the blank (3) Many consumers engage in routinised response behaviour, in which choices change relatively little over time. (3) .
  4. Câu 4: Choose the option that best fits the blank (4) Finally, some consumers will buy on impulse. (4) .
  5. Câu 5: Choose the option that best fits the blank (5) It is, in fact, a pattern of behaviour that is becoming increasingly prevalent – to the dismay of the operators, who then have less s
  6. Câu 1: Choose the option that best fits the blank (6) If you are not naturally sporty, and finding ways to fit more activity into your daily life, here are several tips to help you make a
  7. Câu 2: Choose the option that best fits the blank (7) Track your progress using a health app (7) a paper checklist.
  8. Câu 3: Choose the option that best fits the blank (8) Take every opportunity to do such strength-building activities as carrying (8) and climbing the stairs.
  9. Câu 4: Choose the option that best fits the blank (9) Invite friends and (9) family members to join in, and try (10) everyone’s competitive side with challenges like seeing who can do the
  10. Câu 5: Choose the option that best fits the blank (10) try (10) everyone’s competitive side with challenges like seeing who can do the most steps or cover the most distance in a day.
  11. Câu 6: Choose the option that best fits the blank (11) Reward yourself with a treat like a favourite TV show if your plan works (11) to maintain your motivation.
  12. Câu 1: Choose the option that best fits the blank (12) Taking place from July 25th to 29th at the International Centre for Exhibition in Hanoi, the Vietnam International Art Exhibition 20
  13. Câu 2: Choose the option that best fits the blank (13) Taking place from July 25th to 29th at the International Centre for Exhibition in Hanoi, the Vietnam International Art Exhibition 20
  14. Câu 3: Choose the option that best fits the blank (14) Visitors will gain exposure to a wide (14) of oil paintings, sculptures, digital art, and mixed media blending traditional and conte
  15. Câu 4: Choose the option that best fits the blank (15) The event will also feature live art demonstrations and insightful discussions (15) by famous artists and curators, offering a deepe
  16. Câu 5: Choose the option that best fits the blank (16) This exhibition is a unique opportunity for (16) investors, and art enthusiasts to discover emerging talents and (17) some artworks.
  17. Câu 6: Choose the option that best fits the blank (17) This exhibition is a unique opportunity for (16) investors, and art enthusiasts to discover emerging talents and (17) some artworks.
  18. Câu 1: Choose the best arrangement of sentences to make a cohesive text.
  19. Câu 1: Choose the best arrangement of sentences to make a cohesive text.
  20. Câu 1: Choose the best arrangement of sentences to make a cohesive text.
  21. Câu 1: Choose the best arrangement of sentences to make a cohesive text.
  22. Câu 1: Choose the best arrangement of sentences to make a cohesive text.
  23. Câu 1: According to paragraph 1, having products claimed as eco-friendly rather than conducting meaningful decarbonisation will .
  24. Câu 2: The word manipulated in paragraph 2 mostly means .
  25. Câu 3: Which of the following best summarises paragraph 2?
  26. Câu 4: What causes corporate boards to adopt greenwashing?
  27. Câu 5: What challenge do regulators face in monitoring greenwashing claims?
  28. Câu 6: The phrase the practice in paragraph 3 refers to .
  29. Câu 7: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?
  30. Câu 8: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
  31. Câu 9: Where in the passage does the following sentence best fit? Yet greenwashing is arguably more insidious.
  32. Câu 10: Which of the following best summarises the passage?
  33. Câu 1: Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 1 as a type of collected real-time data?
  34. Câu 2: The word accelerate in paragraph 1 can be best replaced by .
  35. Câu 3: The word curb in paragraph 2 is OPPOSITE in meaning to .
  36. Câu 4: The word it in paragraph 3 refers to .
  37. Câu 5: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 3?
  38. Câu 6: Which of the following is TRUE according to paragraph 4?
  39. Câu 7: Which paragraph mentions real-time tracking of produce?
  40. Câu 8: Which paragraph mentions a preventive measure against biological threats?

Đề Thi Chính Thức Môn Tiếng Anh THPT Quốc Gia 2025 - Đề 1103

Đề Thi Chính Thức Môn Tiếng Anh THPT Quốc Gia 2025 - Đề 1103 gồm 40 câu hỏi trắc nghiệm bám sát cấu trúc đề thi THPT. Có đáp án và lời giải chi tiết từng câu, bấm gi

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The process of sorting through the various holidays on offer and determining which is the best for you is inevitably complex and individual personality traits will determine the eventual decision. Some people undertake a process of extensive problem solving, in which information is sought about a series of products, (1) ______. Other consumers with no patience to explore a variety of choices (2) ______ for the sake of their convenience rather than trying to guarantee that they buy the best possible product. This is known as limited problem solving. Many consumers engage in routinised response behaviour, in which choices change relatively little over time. (3) ______. Also, some holidaymakers who have been content with a particular company or destination in the past may opt for the same experience again. Finally, some consumers will buy on impulse. (4) ______. It is, in fact, a pattern of behaviour that is becoming increasingly prevalent – to the dismay of the operators, who then have less scope for forward planning and reduced opportunities to gain from investing deposits in the short term. (5) ______ where ‘distressed stock’ needs to be cleared at short notice and this can be stimulated by late availability offers particularly.
Choose the option that best fits the blank (1)

Some people undertake a process of extensive problem solving, in which information is sought about a series of products, (1) ______.
A.
every one of them undergoes evaluations and comparisons with similar products
B.
when it is similarly evaluated and compared with other products
C.
those with similarities to other products will be evaluated and compared carefully
D.
each of which is evaluated and compared with similar products
The process of sorting through the various holidays on offer and determining which is the best for you is inevitably complex and individual personality traits will determine the eventual decision. Some people undertake a process of extensive problem solving, in which information is sought about a series of products, (1) ______. Other consumers with no patience to explore a variety of choices (2) ______ for the sake of their convenience rather than trying to guarantee that they buy the best possible product. This is known as limited problem solving. Many consumers engage in routinised response behaviour, in which choices change relatively little over time. (3) ______. Also, some holidaymakers who have been content with a particular company or destination in the past may opt for the same experience again. Finally, some consumers will buy on impulse. (4) ______. It is, in fact, a pattern of behaviour that is becoming increasingly prevalent – to the dismay of the operators, who then have less scope for forward planning and reduced opportunities to gain from investing deposits in the short term. (5) ______ where ‘distressed stock’ needs to be cleared at short notice and this can be stimulated by late availability offers particularly.
Choose the option that best fits the blank (2)

Other consumers with no patience to explore a variety of choices (2) ______ for the sake of their convenience rather than trying to guarantee that they buy the best possible product.
A.
fewer choices are deliberately confined to themselves
B.
will deliberately confine themselves to a small number of choices
C.
be deliberate to confine themselves to a small number of choices
D.
being deliberately confined themselves to fewer choices
The process of sorting through the various holidays on offer and determining which is the best for you is inevitably complex and individual personality traits will determine the eventual decision. Some people undertake a process of extensive problem solving, in which information is sought about a series of products, (1) ______. Other consumers with no patience to explore a variety of choices (2) ______ for the sake of their convenience rather than trying to guarantee that they buy the best possible product. This is known as limited problem solving. Many consumers engage in routinised response behaviour, in which choices change relatively little over time. (3) ______. Also, some holidaymakers who have been content with a particular company or destination in the past may opt for the same experience again. Finally, some consumers will buy on impulse. (4) ______. It is, in fact, a pattern of behaviour that is becoming increasingly prevalent – to the dismay of the operators, who then have less scope for forward planning and reduced opportunities to gain from investing deposits in the short term. (5) ______ where ‘distressed stock’ needs to be cleared at short notice and this can be stimulated by late availability offers particularly.
Choose the option that best fits the blank (3)

Many consumers engage in routinised response behaviour, in which choices change relatively little over time. (3) ______.
A.
This is a common pattern among brand-loyal consumers, for example
B.
By contrast, a consumer-loyal pattern is seen among common brands
C.
Common brands, by contrast, are a pattern among loyal consumers
D.
This is a common example of brands with loyalty to a consumer pattern
The process of sorting through the various holidays on offer and determining which is the best for you is inevitably complex and individual personality traits will determine the eventual decision. Some people undertake a process of extensive problem solving, in which information is sought about a series of products, (1) ______. Other consumers with no patience to explore a variety of choices (2) ______ for the sake of their convenience rather than trying to guarantee that they buy the best possible product. This is known as limited problem solving. Many consumers engage in routinised response behaviour, in which choices change relatively little over time. (3) ______. Also, some holidaymakers who have been content with a particular company or destination in the past may opt for the same experience again. Finally, some consumers will buy on impulse. (4) ______. It is, in fact, a pattern of behaviour that is becoming increasingly prevalent – to the dismay of the operators, who then have less scope for forward planning and reduced opportunities to gain from investing deposits in the short term. (5) ______ where ‘distressed stock’ needs to be cleared at short notice and this can be stimulated by late availability offers particularly.
Choose the option that best fits the blank (4)

Finally, some consumers will buy on impulse. (4) ______.
A.
The products cost little, which means they are better known and more favoured by typical holiday purchasers
B.
It doesn’t matter whether products are unknown, it is typical of purchasers to have holidays costing little
C.
While this is more typical of products costing little, it is by no means unknown among holiday purchasers
D.
In the meantime, holidays costing little are known to be products typically favoured by many purchasers
The process of sorting through the various holidays on offer and determining which is the best for you is inevitably complex and individual personality traits will determine the eventual decision. Some people undertake a process of extensive problem solving, in which information is sought about a series of products, (1) ______. Other consumers with no patience to explore a variety of choices (2) ______ for the sake of their convenience rather than trying to guarantee that they buy the best possible product. This is known as limited problem solving. Many consumers engage in routinised response behaviour, in which choices change relatively little over time. (3) ______. Also, some holidaymakers who have been content with a particular company or destination in the past may opt for the same experience again. Finally, some consumers will buy on impulse. (4) ______. It is, in fact, a pattern of behaviour that is becoming increasingly prevalent – to the dismay of the operators, who then have less scope for forward planning and reduced opportunities to gain from investing deposits in the short term. (5) ______ where ‘distressed stock’ needs to be cleared at short notice and this can be stimulated by late availability offers particularly.
Choose the option that best fits the blank (5)

It is, in fact, a pattern of behaviour that is becoming increasingly prevalent – to the dismay of the operators, who then have less scope for forward planning and reduced opportunities to gain from investing deposits in the short term. (5) ______.
A.
So valuable is such purchasing trait that it proves to be impulsive
B.
Such impulse purchasing proves to be a valuable trait, though
C.
Such trait is so impulsive that it proves to be valuable to purchasers
D.
Though such trait of impulse purchasing proves to be valuable
Xem đầy đủ toàn bộ 35 câu hỏi tiếp theo (Câu 6 – Câu 40)
If you are not naturally sporty, and finding ways to fit more activity into your daily life, here are several tips to help you make a routine (6) ______ being active: ● Select a realistic exercise plan. ● Track your progress using a health app (7) ______ a paper checklist. ● Take every opportunity to do such strength-building activities as carrying (8) ______ and climbing the stairs. ● Invite friends and (9) ______ family members to join in, and try (10) ______ everyone’s competitive side with challenges like seeing who can do the most steps or cover the most distance in a day. ● Reward yourself with a treat like a favourite TV show if your plan works (11) ______ to maintain your motivation.
Choose the option that best fits the blank (6)

If you are not naturally sporty, and finding ways to fit more activity into your daily life, here are several tips to help you make a routine (6) ______ being active:
A.
at
B.
in
C.
to
D.
of
If you are not naturally sporty, and finding ways to fit more activity into your daily life, here are several tips to help you make a routine (6) ______ being active: ● Select a realistic exercise plan. ● Track your progress using a health app (7) ______ a paper checklist. ● Take every opportunity to do such strength-building activities as carrying (8) ______ and climbing the stairs. ● Invite friends and (9) ______ family members to join in, and try (10) ______ everyone’s competitive side with challenges like seeing who can do the most steps or cover the most distance in a day. ● Reward yourself with a treat like a favourite TV show if your plan works (11) ______ to maintain your motivation.
Choose the option that best fits the blank (7)

Track your progress using a health app (7) ______ a paper checklist.
A.
so
B.
or
C.
but
D.
nor
If you are not naturally sporty, and finding ways to fit more activity into your daily life, here are several tips to help you make a routine (6) ______ being active: ● Select a realistic exercise plan. ● Track your progress using a health app (7) ______ a paper checklist. ● Take every opportunity to do such strength-building activities as carrying (8) ______ and climbing the stairs. ● Invite friends and (9) ______ family members to join in, and try (10) ______ everyone’s competitive side with challenges like seeing who can do the most steps or cover the most distance in a day. ● Reward yourself with a treat like a favourite TV show if your plan works (11) ______ to maintain your motivation.
Choose the option that best fits the blank (8)

Take every opportunity to do such strength-building activities as carrying (8) ______ and climbing the stairs.
A.
bags heavy grocery
B.
heavy bags grocery
C.
bags grocery heavy
D.
heavy grocery bags
If you are not naturally sporty, and finding ways to fit more activity into your daily life, here are several tips to help you make a routine (6) ______ being active: ● Select a realistic exercise plan. ● Track your progress using a health app (7) ______ a paper checklist. ● Take every opportunity to do such strength-building activities as carrying (8) ______ and climbing the stairs. ● Invite friends and (9) ______ family members to join in, and try (10) ______ everyone’s competitive side with challenges like seeing who can do the most steps or cover the most distance in a day. ● Reward yourself with a treat like a favourite TV show if your plan works (11) ______ to maintain your motivation.
Choose the option that best fits the blank (9)

Invite friends and (9) ______ family members to join in, and try (10) ______ everyone’s competitive side with challenges like seeing who can do the most steps or cover the most distance in a day.
A.
other
B.
another
C.
the others
D.
others
If you are not naturally sporty, and finding ways to fit more activity into your daily life, here are several tips to help you make a routine (6) ______ being active: ● Select a realistic exercise plan. ● Track your progress using a health app (7) ______ a paper checklist. ● Take every opportunity to do such strength-building activities as carrying (8) ______ and climbing the stairs. ● Invite friends and (9) ______ family members to join in, and try (10) ______ everyone’s competitive side with challenges like seeing who can do the most steps or cover the most distance in a day. ● Reward yourself with a treat like a favourite TV show if your plan works (11) ______ to maintain your motivation.
Choose the option that best fits the blank (10)

try (10) ______ everyone’s competitive side with challenges like seeing who can do the most steps or cover the most distance in a day.
A.
contrasting
B.
engaging
C.
replacing
D.
comparing
If you are not naturally sporty, and finding ways to fit more activity into your daily life, here are several tips to help you make a routine (6) ______ being active: ● Select a realistic exercise plan. ● Track your progress using a health app (7) ______ a paper checklist. ● Take every opportunity to do such strength-building activities as carrying (8) ______ and climbing the stairs. ● Invite friends and (9) ______ family members to join in, and try (10) ______ everyone’s competitive side with challenges like seeing who can do the most steps or cover the most distance in a day. ● Reward yourself with a treat like a favourite TV show if your plan works (11) ______ to maintain your motivation.
Choose the option that best fits the blank (11)

Reward yourself with a treat like a favourite TV show if your plan works (11) ______ to maintain your motivation.
A.
wonders
B.
legends
C.
marvels
D.
values
Taking place from July 25th to 29th at the International Centre for Exhibition in Hanoi, the Vietnam International Art Exhibition 2025 will showcase over 100 famous galleries (12) ______ are derived from global art capitals alongside Vietnam’s (13) ______ art institutions. Visitors will gain exposure to a wide (14) ______ of oil paintings, sculptures, digital art, and mixed media blending traditional and contemporary styles. The event will also feature live art demonstrations and insightful discussions (15) ______ by famous artists and curators, offering a deeper understanding of modern artistic trends. This exhibition is a unique opportunity for (16) ______ investors, and art enthusiasts to discover emerging talents and (17) ______ some artworks. Don’t miss this incredible celebration of artistic expression!
Choose the option that best fits the blank (12)

Taking place from July 25th to 29th at the International Centre for Exhibition in Hanoi, the Vietnam International Art Exhibition 2025 will showcase over 100 famous galleries (12) ______ are derived from global art capitals alongside Vietnam’s (13) ______ art institutions.
A.
whom
B.
who
C.
whose
D.
which
Taking place from July 25th to 29th at the International Centre for Exhibition in Hanoi, the Vietnam International Art Exhibition 2025 will showcase over 100 famous galleries (12) ______ are derived from global art capitals alongside Vietnam’s (13) ______ art institutions. Visitors will gain exposure to a wide (14) ______ of oil paintings, sculptures, digital art, and mixed media blending traditional and contemporary styles. The event will also feature live art demonstrations and insightful discussions (15) ______ by famous artists and curators, offering a deeper understanding of modern artistic trends. This exhibition is a unique opportunity for (16) ______ investors, and art enthusiasts to discover emerging talents and (17) ______ some artworks. Don’t miss this incredible celebration of artistic expression!
Choose the option that best fits the blank (13)

Taking place from July 25th to 29th at the International Centre for Exhibition in Hanoi, the Vietnam International Art Exhibition 2025 will showcase over 100 famous galleries (12) ______ are derived from global art capitals alongside Vietnam’s (13) ______ art institutions.
A.
leading
B.
heading
C.
flying
D.
rating
Taking place from July 25th to 29th at the International Centre for Exhibition in Hanoi, the Vietnam International Art Exhibition 2025 will showcase over 100 famous galleries (12) ______ are derived from global art capitals alongside Vietnam’s (13) ______ art institutions. Visitors will gain exposure to a wide (14) ______ of oil paintings, sculptures, digital art, and mixed media blending traditional and contemporary styles. The event will also feature live art demonstrations and insightful discussions (15) ______ by famous artists and curators, offering a deeper understanding of modern artistic trends. This exhibition is a unique opportunity for (16) ______ investors, and art enthusiasts to discover emerging talents and (17) ______ some artworks. Don’t miss this incredible celebration of artistic expression!
Choose the option that best fits the blank (14)

Visitors will gain exposure to a wide (14) ______ of oil paintings, sculptures, digital art, and mixed media blending traditional and contemporary styles.
A.
number
B.
amount
C.
range
D.
deal
Taking place from July 25th to 29th at the International Centre for Exhibition in Hanoi, the Vietnam International Art Exhibition 2025 will showcase over 100 famous galleries (12) ______ are derived from global art capitals alongside Vietnam’s (13) ______ art institutions. Visitors will gain exposure to a wide (14) ______ of oil paintings, sculptures, digital art, and mixed media blending traditional and contemporary styles. The event will also feature live art demonstrations and insightful discussions (15) ______ by famous artists and curators, offering a deeper understanding of modern artistic trends. This exhibition is a unique opportunity for (16) ______ investors, and art enthusiasts to discover emerging talents and (17) ______ some artworks. Don’t miss this incredible celebration of artistic expression!
Choose the option that best fits the blank (15)

The event will also feature live art demonstrations and insightful discussions (15) ______ by famous artists and curators, offering a deeper understanding of modern artistic trends.
A.
have held
B.
held
C.
be holding
D.
holding
Taking place from July 25th to 29th at the International Centre for Exhibition in Hanoi, the Vietnam International Art Exhibition 2025 will showcase over 100 famous galleries (12) ______ are derived from global art capitals alongside Vietnam’s (13) ______ art institutions. Visitors will gain exposure to a wide (14) ______ of oil paintings, sculptures, digital art, and mixed media blending traditional and contemporary styles. The event will also feature live art demonstrations and insightful discussions (15) ______ by famous artists and curators, offering a deeper understanding of modern artistic trends. This exhibition is a unique opportunity for (16) ______ investors, and art enthusiasts to discover emerging talents and (17) ______ some artworks. Don’t miss this incredible celebration of artistic expression!
Choose the option that best fits the blank (16)

This exhibition is a unique opportunity for (16) ______ investors, and art enthusiasts to discover emerging talents and (17) ______ some artworks.
A.
collective
B.
collectors
C.
collect
D.
collectively
Taking place from July 25th to 29th at the International Centre for Exhibition in Hanoi, the Vietnam International Art Exhibition 2025 will showcase over 100 famous galleries (12) ______ are derived from global art capitals alongside Vietnam’s (13) ______ art institutions. Visitors will gain exposure to a wide (14) ______ of oil paintings, sculptures, digital art, and mixed media blending traditional and contemporary styles. The event will also feature live art demonstrations and insightful discussions (15) ______ by famous artists and curators, offering a deeper understanding of modern artistic trends. This exhibition is a unique opportunity for (16) ______ investors, and art enthusiasts to discover emerging talents and (17) ______ some artworks. Don’t miss this incredible celebration of artistic expression!
Choose the option that best fits the blank (17)

This exhibition is a unique opportunity for (16) ______ investors, and art enthusiasts to discover emerging talents and (17) ______ some artworks.
A.
fill up
B.
pick up
C.
come up
D.
get up
Choose the best arrangement of sentences to make a cohesive text.
A.
c – b – e – a – d
B.
c – a – e – d – b
C.
d – b – e – c – a
D.
d – a – b – e – c
Choose the best arrangement of sentences to make a cohesive text.
A.
d – e – b – a – c
B.
c – e – d – a – b
C.
d – a – c – e – b
D.
c – a – b – e – d
Choose the best arrangement of sentences to make a cohesive text.
A.
a – c – d – b – e
B.
d – a – c – b – e
C.
b – d – a – c – e
D.
c – a – d – b – e
Choose the best arrangement of sentences to make a cohesive text.
A.
e – c – d – b – a
B.
e – b – a – c – d
C.
e – c – a – d – b
D.
e – d – b – a – c
We seem to be entering a boom era for greenwashing – the tactic of covering routine pollution in eco-friendly language. [I] Picture running a high-emitting corporation: meaningful decarbonisation would demand painful negotiations, huge capital outlays, and a full redesign of the business model. Hiring an expert agency to splash “carbon-neutral” or “net-zero” across products is far easier, buying time while emissions remain untouched. Consumers meet this sleight of hand everywhere. Airlines sell “carbon-neutral” flights, filling stations boast about “net-zero” fuel, and breakfast bacon is re-labelled as planet-safe. Advertising spin is old, yet today it is manipulated to conceal ongoing environmental damage. Social media influencers and glossy sustainability reports amplify these claims, broadcasting the narrative far beyond traditional marketing channels. The term greenwashing emerged in the 1980s, an era of oil spills and growing climate science, but the practice has exploded only recently. [II] Intensifying public anxiety over global heating and ecosystem collapse has placed companies under sharp scrutiny; many boards therefore choose eye-catching PR over the tougher route of restructuring supply chains, energy sources, and product lines. Regulators on both sides of the Atlantic are struggling to police false eco-claims, yet enforcement still lags behind corporate ingenuity. Investors, eager to protect short-term returns, frequently applaud these surface-level initiatives, reinforcing the cycle. [III] No sector illustrates the issue better than oil and gas. Having realised that denying climate science now backfires, the industry has swapped denial for “green” paint. Press releases trumpet potential renewable ventures while drilling plans expand unabated. Why does this matter? Greenwashing and climate denial share a core objective: to postpone the deep emission cuts claimed by scientists as urgent this decade. [IV] Whereas denial disputes the crisis, greenwashing misleads the public into believing problems are solved, thereby eroding consumer advocacy of genuine environmental actions and stalling regulatory reforms. In effect, it acts as a soothing lullaby, guiding society ever closer to ecological breakdown while fostering a false sense of progress. Exposing the facade – and insisting on verifiable, measurable carbon reductions – is essential if rhetoric is to give way to real action.
According to paragraph 1, having products claimed as eco-friendly rather than conducting meaningful decarbonisation will ______.
A.
bring about a full redesign of the business model of a company
B.
cause physical injuries to those involved in the negotiation
C.
involve spending a huge amount of money paying the agency
D.
lead to delays without solving the current emission problem
We seem to be entering a boom era for greenwashing – the tactic of covering routine pollution in eco-friendly language. [I] Picture running a high-emitting corporation: meaningful decarbonisation would demand painful negotiations, huge capital outlays, and a full redesign of the business model. Hiring an expert agency to splash “carbon-neutral” or “net-zero” across products is far easier, buying time while emissions remain untouched. Consumers meet this sleight of hand everywhere. Airlines sell “carbon-neutral” flights, filling stations boast about “net-zero” fuel, and breakfast bacon is re-labelled as planet-safe. Advertising spin is old, yet today it is manipulated to conceal ongoing environmental damage. Social media influencers and glossy sustainability reports amplify these claims, broadcasting the narrative far beyond traditional marketing channels. The term greenwashing emerged in the 1980s, an era of oil spills and growing climate science, but the practice has exploded only recently. [II] Intensifying public anxiety over global heating and ecosystem collapse has placed companies under sharp scrutiny; many boards therefore choose eye-catching PR over the tougher route of restructuring supply chains, energy sources, and product lines. Regulators on both sides of the Atlantic are struggling to police false eco-claims, yet enforcement still lags behind corporate ingenuity. Investors, eager to protect short-term returns, frequently applaud these surface-level initiatives, reinforcing the cycle. [III] No sector illustrates the issue better than oil and gas. Having realised that denying climate science now backfires, the industry has swapped denial for “green” paint. Press releases trumpet potential renewable ventures while drilling plans expand unabated. Why does this matter? Greenwashing and climate denial share a core objective: to postpone the deep emission cuts claimed by scientists as urgent this decade. [IV] Whereas denial disputes the crisis, greenwashing misleads the public into believing problems are solved, thereby eroding consumer advocacy of genuine environmental actions and stalling regulatory reforms. In effect, it acts as a soothing lullaby, guiding society ever closer to ecological breakdown while fostering a false sense of progress. Exposing the facade – and insisting on verifiable, measurable carbon reductions – is essential if rhetoric is to give way to real action.
The word manipulated in paragraph 2 mostly means ______.
A.
purposely adjusted
B.
hastily produced
C.
randomly deployed
D.
legally regulated
We seem to be entering a boom era for greenwashing – the tactic of covering routine pollution in eco-friendly language. [I] Picture running a high-emitting corporation: meaningful decarbonisation would demand painful negotiations, huge capital outlays, and a full redesign of the business model. Hiring an expert agency to splash “carbon-neutral” or “net-zero” across products is far easier, buying time while emissions remain untouched. Consumers meet this sleight of hand everywhere. Airlines sell “carbon-neutral” flights, filling stations boast about “net-zero” fuel, and breakfast bacon is re-labelled as planet-safe. Advertising spin is old, yet today it is manipulated to conceal ongoing environmental damage. Social media influencers and glossy sustainability reports amplify these claims, broadcasting the narrative far beyond traditional marketing channels. The term greenwashing emerged in the 1980s, an era of oil spills and growing climate science, but the practice has exploded only recently. [II] Intensifying public anxiety over global heating and ecosystem collapse has placed companies under sharp scrutiny; many boards therefore choose eye-catching PR over the tougher route of restructuring supply chains, energy sources, and product lines. Regulators on both sides of the Atlantic are struggling to police false eco-claims, yet enforcement still lags behind corporate ingenuity. Investors, eager to protect short-term returns, frequently applaud these surface-level initiatives, reinforcing the cycle. [III] No sector illustrates the issue better than oil and gas. Having realised that denying climate science now backfires, the industry has swapped denial for “green” paint. Press releases trumpet potential renewable ventures while drilling plans expand unabated. Why does this matter? Greenwashing and climate denial share a core objective: to postpone the deep emission cuts claimed by scientists as urgent this decade. [IV] Whereas denial disputes the crisis, greenwashing misleads the public into believing problems are solved, thereby eroding consumer advocacy of genuine environmental actions and stalling regulatory reforms. In effect, it acts as a soothing lullaby, guiding society ever closer to ecological breakdown while fostering a false sense of progress. Exposing the facade – and insisting on verifiable, measurable carbon reductions – is essential if rhetoric is to give way to real action.
Which of the following best summarises paragraph 2?
A.
Sustainability buzzwords now fill every sector, with their reach being amplified by influencers and polished reports.
B.
Commercials for everyday products and services, ranging from holiday bookings to petrol pumps and bacon packs, are prevalent on unconventional marketing channels.
C.
Social media influencers and impressive reports have a role to play in the dissemination of deceptive environmental claims.
D.
The stories about greenwashing reach a much wider audience due to the joint effort of social media and traditional marketing channels.
We seem to be entering a boom era for greenwashing – the tactic of covering routine pollution in eco-friendly language. [I] Picture running a high-emitting corporation: meaningful decarbonisation would demand painful negotiations, huge capital outlays, and a full redesign of the business model. Hiring an expert agency to splash “carbon-neutral” or “net-zero” across products is far easier, buying time while emissions remain untouched. Consumers meet this sleight of hand everywhere. Airlines sell “carbon-neutral” flights, filling stations boast about “net-zero” fuel, and breakfast bacon is re-labelled as planet-safe. Advertising spin is old, yet today it is manipulated to conceal ongoing environmental damage. Social media influencers and glossy sustainability reports amplify these claims, broadcasting the narrative far beyond traditional marketing channels. The term greenwashing emerged in the 1980s, an era of oil spills and growing climate science, but the practice has exploded only recently. [II] Intensifying public anxiety over global heating and ecosystem collapse has placed companies under sharp scrutiny; many boards therefore choose eye-catching PR over the tougher route of restructuring supply chains, energy sources, and product lines. Regulators on both sides of the Atlantic are struggling to police false eco-claims, yet enforcement still lags behind corporate ingenuity. Investors, eager to protect short-term returns, frequently applaud these surface-level initiatives, reinforcing the cycle. [III] No sector illustrates the issue better than oil and gas. Having realised that denying climate science now backfires, the industry has swapped denial for “green” paint. Press releases trumpet potential renewable ventures while drilling plans expand unabated. Why does this matter? Greenwashing and climate denial share a core objective: to postpone the deep emission cuts claimed by scientists as urgent this decade. [IV] Whereas denial disputes the crisis, greenwashing misleads the public into believing problems are solved, thereby eroding consumer advocacy of genuine environmental actions and stalling regulatory reforms. In effect, it acts as a soothing lullaby, guiding society ever closer to ecological breakdown while fostering a false sense of progress. Exposing the facade – and insisting on verifiable, measurable carbon reductions – is essential if rhetoric is to give way to real action.
What causes corporate boards to adopt greenwashing?
A.
Growing public interest in the development of climate science
B.
Public pressure on corporations to opt for PR campaigns
C.
Public belief that carbon reductions are unnecessary
D.
Increasing public concern about environmental issues
We seem to be entering a boom era for greenwashing – the tactic of covering routine pollution in eco-friendly language. [I] Picture running a high-emitting corporation: meaningful decarbonisation would demand painful negotiations, huge capital outlays, and a full redesign of the business model. Hiring an expert agency to splash “carbon-neutral” or “net-zero” across products is far easier, buying time while emissions remain untouched. Consumers meet this sleight of hand everywhere. Airlines sell “carbon-neutral” flights, filling stations boast about “net-zero” fuel, and breakfast bacon is re-labelled as planet-safe. Advertising spin is old, yet today it is manipulated to conceal ongoing environmental damage. Social media influencers and glossy sustainability reports amplify these claims, broadcasting the narrative far beyond traditional marketing channels. The term greenwashing emerged in the 1980s, an era of oil spills and growing climate science, but the practice has exploded only recently. [II] Intensifying public anxiety over global heating and ecosystem collapse has placed companies under sharp scrutiny; many boards therefore choose eye-catching PR over the tougher route of restructuring supply chains, energy sources, and product lines. Regulators on both sides of the Atlantic are struggling to police false eco-claims, yet enforcement still lags behind corporate ingenuity. Investors, eager to protect short-term returns, frequently applaud these surface-level initiatives, reinforcing the cycle. [III] No sector illustrates the issue better than oil and gas. Having realised that denying climate science now backfires, the industry has swapped denial for “green” paint. Press releases trumpet potential renewable ventures while drilling plans expand unabated. Why does this matter? Greenwashing and climate denial share a core objective: to postpone the deep emission cuts claimed by scientists as urgent this decade. [IV] Whereas denial disputes the crisis, greenwashing misleads the public into believing problems are solved, thereby eroding consumer advocacy of genuine environmental actions and stalling regulatory reforms. In effect, it acts as a soothing lullaby, guiding society ever closer to ecological breakdown while fostering a false sense of progress. Exposing the facade – and insisting on verifiable, measurable carbon reductions – is essential if rhetoric is to give way to real action.
What challenge do regulators face in monitoring greenwashing claims?
A.
Enforcement that falls behind corporate creativity
B.
Conflicting laws on both sides of the Atlantic
C.
Insufficient public support
D.
A lack of clear terminology
We seem to be entering a boom era for greenwashing – the tactic of covering routine pollution in eco-friendly language. [I] Picture running a high-emitting corporation: meaningful decarbonisation would demand painful negotiations, huge capital outlays, and a full redesign of the business model. Hiring an expert agency to splash “carbon-neutral” or “net-zero” across products is far easier, buying time while emissions remain untouched. Consumers meet this sleight of hand everywhere. Airlines sell “carbon-neutral” flights, filling stations boast about “net-zero” fuel, and breakfast bacon is re-labelled as planet-safe. Advertising spin is old, yet today it is manipulated to conceal ongoing environmental damage. Social media influencers and glossy sustainability reports amplify these claims, broadcasting the narrative far beyond traditional marketing channels. The term greenwashing emerged in the 1980s, an era of oil spills and growing climate science, but the practice has exploded only recently. [II] Intensifying public anxiety over global heating and ecosystem collapse has placed companies under sharp scrutiny; many boards therefore choose eye-catching PR over the tougher route of restructuring supply chains, energy sources, and product lines. Regulators on both sides of the Atlantic are struggling to police false eco-claims, yet enforcement still lags behind corporate ingenuity. Investors, eager to protect short-term returns, frequently applaud these surface-level initiatives, reinforcing the cycle. [III] No sector illustrates the issue better than oil and gas. Having realised that denying climate science now backfires, the industry has swapped denial for “green” paint. Press releases trumpet potential renewable ventures while drilling plans expand unabated. Why does this matter? Greenwashing and climate denial share a core objective: to postpone the deep emission cuts claimed by scientists as urgent this decade. [IV] Whereas denial disputes the crisis, greenwashing misleads the public into believing problems are solved, thereby eroding consumer advocacy of genuine environmental actions and stalling regulatory reforms. In effect, it acts as a soothing lullaby, guiding society ever closer to ecological breakdown while fostering a false sense of progress. Exposing the facade – and insisting on verifiable, measurable carbon reductions – is essential if rhetoric is to give way to real action.
The phrase the practice in paragraph 3 refers to ______.
A.
scrutiny
B.
global heating
C.
climate science
D.
greenwashing
We seem to be entering a boom era for greenwashing – the tactic of covering routine pollution in eco-friendly language. [I] Picture running a high-emitting corporation: meaningful decarbonisation would demand painful negotiations, huge capital outlays, and a full redesign of the business model. Hiring an expert agency to splash “carbon-neutral” or “net-zero” across products is far easier, buying time while emissions remain untouched. Consumers meet this sleight of hand everywhere. Airlines sell “carbon-neutral” flights, filling stations boast about “net-zero” fuel, and breakfast bacon is re-labelled as planet-safe. Advertising spin is old, yet today it is manipulated to conceal ongoing environmental damage. Social media influencers and glossy sustainability reports amplify these claims, broadcasting the narrative far beyond traditional marketing channels. The term greenwashing emerged in the 1980s, an era of oil spills and growing climate science, but the practice has exploded only recently. [II] Intensifying public anxiety over global heating and ecosystem collapse has placed companies under sharp scrutiny; many boards therefore choose eye-catching PR over the tougher route of restructuring supply chains, energy sources, and product lines. Regulators on both sides of the Atlantic are struggling to police false eco-claims, yet enforcement still lags behind corporate ingenuity. Investors, eager to protect short-term returns, frequently applaud these surface-level initiatives, reinforcing the cycle. [III] No sector illustrates the issue better than oil and gas. Having realised that denying climate science now backfires, the industry has swapped denial for “green” paint. Press releases trumpet potential renewable ventures while drilling plans expand unabated. Why does this matter? Greenwashing and climate denial share a core objective: to postpone the deep emission cuts claimed by scientists as urgent this decade. [IV] Whereas denial disputes the crisis, greenwashing misleads the public into believing problems are solved, thereby eroding consumer advocacy of genuine environmental actions and stalling regulatory reforms. In effect, it acts as a soothing lullaby, guiding society ever closer to ecological breakdown while fostering a false sense of progress. Exposing the facade – and insisting on verifiable, measurable carbon reductions – is essential if rhetoric is to give way to real action.
Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?
A.
For empty slogans to be realised into moves, revelations about greenwashing and practical measures to reduce carbon are required.
B.
Greenwashing is, in fact, a fallacy and therefore should be replaced by feasible actions which are encouraged through public movements.
C.
To make way for meaningful activities in reality, it is vital to expose the public to proper and specific measures to reduce emissions.
D.
The real solution to the issue of carbon is to verify and measure carbon reductions rather than just raise public awareness through campaigns.
We seem to be entering a boom era for greenwashing – the tactic of covering routine pollution in eco-friendly language. [I] Picture running a high-emitting corporation: meaningful decarbonisation would demand painful negotiations, huge capital outlays, and a full redesign of the business model. Hiring an expert agency to splash “carbon-neutral” or “net-zero” across products is far easier, buying time while emissions remain untouched. Consumers meet this sleight of hand everywhere. Airlines sell “carbon-neutral” flights, filling stations boast about “net-zero” fuel, and breakfast bacon is re-labelled as planet-safe. Advertising spin is old, yet today it is manipulated to conceal ongoing environmental damage. Social media influencers and glossy sustainability reports amplify these claims, broadcasting the narrative far beyond traditional marketing channels. The term greenwashing emerged in the 1980s, an era of oil spills and growing climate science, but the practice has exploded only recently. [II] Intensifying public anxiety over global heating and ecosystem collapse has placed companies under sharp scrutiny; many boards therefore choose eye-catching PR over the tougher route of restructuring supply chains, energy sources, and product lines. Regulators on both sides of the Atlantic are struggling to police false eco-claims, yet enforcement still lags behind corporate ingenuity. Investors, eager to protect short-term returns, frequently applaud these surface-level initiatives, reinforcing the cycle. [III] No sector illustrates the issue better than oil and gas. Having realised that denying climate science now backfires, the industry has swapped denial for “green” paint. Press releases trumpet potential renewable ventures while drilling plans expand unabated. Why does this matter? Greenwashing and climate denial share a core objective: to postpone the deep emission cuts claimed by scientists as urgent this decade. [IV] Whereas denial disputes the crisis, greenwashing misleads the public into believing problems are solved, thereby eroding consumer advocacy of genuine environmental actions and stalling regulatory reforms. In effect, it acts as a soothing lullaby, guiding society ever closer to ecological breakdown while fostering a false sense of progress. Exposing the facade – and insisting on verifiable, measurable carbon reductions – is essential if rhetoric is to give way to real action.
Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A.
The shift from denying climate science to applying “green” paint reflects high-emitting industries’ genuine commitment to renewables.
B.
Greenwashing brings corporations benefits in terms of finance and reputation without having to reform their core operations.
C.
Regulators are effectively utilising the tools and resources to verify most environmental claims, tackling the wide spread of eco-labels.
D.
Investors who value long-term environmental impact put pressure on companies to implement substantial structural reforms.
We seem to be entering a boom era for greenwashing – the tactic of covering routine pollution in eco-friendly language. [I] Picture running a high-emitting corporation: meaningful decarbonisation would demand painful negotiations, huge capital outlays, and a full redesign of the business model. Hiring an expert agency to splash “carbon-neutral” or “net-zero” across products is far easier, buying time while emissions remain untouched. Consumers meet this sleight of hand everywhere. Airlines sell “carbon-neutral” flights, filling stations boast about “net-zero” fuel, and breakfast bacon is re-labelled as planet-safe. Advertising spin is old, yet today it is manipulated to conceal ongoing environmental damage. Social media influencers and glossy sustainability reports amplify these claims, broadcasting the narrative far beyond traditional marketing channels. The term greenwashing emerged in the 1980s, an era of oil spills and growing climate science, but the practice has exploded only recently. [II] Intensifying public anxiety over global heating and ecosystem collapse has placed companies under sharp scrutiny; many boards therefore choose eye-catching PR over the tougher route of restructuring supply chains, energy sources, and product lines. Regulators on both sides of the Atlantic are struggling to police false eco-claims, yet enforcement still lags behind corporate ingenuity. Investors, eager to protect short-term returns, frequently applaud these surface-level initiatives, reinforcing the cycle. [III] No sector illustrates the issue better than oil and gas. Having realised that denying climate science now backfires, the industry has swapped denial for “green” paint. Press releases trumpet potential renewable ventures while drilling plans expand unabated. Why does this matter? Greenwashing and climate denial share a core objective: to postpone the deep emission cuts claimed by scientists as urgent this decade. [IV] Whereas denial disputes the crisis, greenwashing misleads the public into believing problems are solved, thereby eroding consumer advocacy of genuine environmental actions and stalling regulatory reforms. In effect, it acts as a soothing lullaby, guiding society ever closer to ecological breakdown while fostering a false sense of progress. Exposing the facade – and insisting on verifiable, measurable carbon reductions – is essential if rhetoric is to give way to real action.
Where in the passage does the following sentence best fit?

Yet greenwashing is arguably more insidious.
A.
[II]
B.
[IV]
C.
[I]
D.
[III]
We seem to be entering a boom era for greenwashing – the tactic of covering routine pollution in eco-friendly language. [I] Picture running a high-emitting corporation: meaningful decarbonisation would demand painful negotiations, huge capital outlays, and a full redesign of the business model. Hiring an expert agency to splash “carbon-neutral” or “net-zero” across products is far easier, buying time while emissions remain untouched. Consumers meet this sleight of hand everywhere. Airlines sell “carbon-neutral” flights, filling stations boast about “net-zero” fuel, and breakfast bacon is re-labelled as planet-safe. Advertising spin is old, yet today it is manipulated to conceal ongoing environmental damage. Social media influencers and glossy sustainability reports amplify these claims, broadcasting the narrative far beyond traditional marketing channels. The term greenwashing emerged in the 1980s, an era of oil spills and growing climate science, but the practice has exploded only recently. [II] Intensifying public anxiety over global heating and ecosystem collapse has placed companies under sharp scrutiny; many boards therefore choose eye-catching PR over the tougher route of restructuring supply chains, energy sources, and product lines. Regulators on both sides of the Atlantic are struggling to police false eco-claims, yet enforcement still lags behind corporate ingenuity. Investors, eager to protect short-term returns, frequently applaud these surface-level initiatives, reinforcing the cycle. [III] No sector illustrates the issue better than oil and gas. Having realised that denying climate science now backfires, the industry has swapped denial for “green” paint. Press releases trumpet potential renewable ventures while drilling plans expand unabated. Why does this matter? Greenwashing and climate denial share a core objective: to postpone the deep emission cuts claimed by scientists as urgent this decade. [IV] Whereas denial disputes the crisis, greenwashing misleads the public into believing problems are solved, thereby eroding consumer advocacy of genuine environmental actions and stalling regulatory reforms. In effect, it acts as a soothing lullaby, guiding society ever closer to ecological breakdown while fostering a false sense of progress. Exposing the facade – and insisting on verifiable, measurable carbon reductions – is essential if rhetoric is to give way to real action.
Which of the following best summarises the passage?
A.
High-emitting sectors follow the trend of greenwashing, boasting about promising renewable ventures in press releases while quietly going on damaging the environment.
B.
Instead of investing in meaningful decarbonisation, major emitters have a tendency to opt for denying the claim of "carbon-neutral" or "net-zero" on their product lines.
C.
Greenwashing is surging as firms cover ongoing pollution in eco-friendly rhetoric, distracting the public and postponing the deep emission cuts scientists deem urgent.
D.
Once a prevalent strategy of corporations in response to public scrutiny, climate denial is losing its effectiveness and has to be replaced by greenwashing.
The concept of project farming, where farmers come together to collaborate on large-scale agricultural projects, has gained significant traction, and modern technology keeps this collaboration on track. Advanced technologies such as GPS, sensors, drones, and data analytics are used to optimise agricultural practices. Additionally, the collected real-time data on soil conditions, weather patterns, and plant growth enables farmers to accelerate the decision-making process that maximises productivity while minimising resource wastage. GPS technology allows farmers to precisely map out their fields and create customised planting plans. This ensures that seeds are sown at optimal locations based on soil characteristics and previous yield data. By avoiding areas with poor fertility, farmers can increase their overall crop yield. Camera traps provide advance warnings of insects, so farmers do not have to treat the whole field. This, therefore, helps curb chemical runoff and save money for every party involved in the project. Technology also plays a vital role in optimising irrigation practices for sustainable agriculture. Specialised equipment reports dryness hour by hour, and weather apps forecast rain for the week ahead. Automated valves give each zone exactly the water it needs and pause when clouds are approaching. This cuts pumping costs and protects groundwater while keeping the crop healthy. On dry continents, such savings keep projects economically viable. The digital trail does not stop at the farm gate. Cloud platforms let project farmers, processors, and truck drivers input harvest weights, storage temperatures, and delivery times the moment they change, while blockchain records freeze each entry so customers can trust it. Analytic tools combine seasons of records to forecast demand, spot price opportunities, and mark weak points in the workflow. This allows project farmers to anticipate market demand, exploit resource allocation, and plan for potential challenges.
Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 1 as a type of collected real-time data?
A.
soil conditions
B.
data analytics
C.
plant growth
D.
weather patterns
The concept of project farming, where farmers come together to collaborate on large-scale agricultural projects, has gained significant traction, and modern technology keeps this collaboration on track. Advanced technologies such as GPS, sensors, drones, and data analytics are used to optimise agricultural practices. Additionally, the collected real-time data on soil conditions, weather patterns, and plant growth enables farmers to accelerate the decision-making process that maximises productivity while minimising resource wastage. GPS technology allows farmers to precisely map out their fields and create customised planting plans. This ensures that seeds are sown at optimal locations based on soil characteristics and previous yield data. By avoiding areas with poor fertility, farmers can increase their overall crop yield. Camera traps provide advance warnings of insects, so farmers do not have to treat the whole field. This, therefore, helps curb chemical runoff and save money for every party involved in the project. Technology also plays a vital role in optimising irrigation practices for sustainable agriculture. Specialised equipment reports dryness hour by hour, and weather apps forecast rain for the week ahead. Automated valves give each zone exactly the water it needs and pause when clouds are approaching. This cuts pumping costs and protects groundwater while keeping the crop healthy. On dry continents, such savings keep projects economically viable. The digital trail does not stop at the farm gate. Cloud platforms let project farmers, processors, and truck drivers input harvest weights, storage temperatures, and delivery times the moment they change, while blockchain records freeze each entry so customers can trust it. Analytic tools combine seasons of records to forecast demand, spot price opportunities, and mark weak points in the workflow. This allows project farmers to anticipate market demand, exploit resource allocation, and plan for potential challenges.
The word accelerate in paragraph 1 can be best replaced by ______.
A.
speed
B.
guide
C.
require
D.
install
The concept of project farming, where farmers come together to collaborate on large-scale agricultural projects, has gained significant traction, and modern technology keeps this collaboration on track. Advanced technologies such as GPS, sensors, drones, and data analytics are used to optimise agricultural practices. Additionally, the collected real-time data on soil conditions, weather patterns, and plant growth enables farmers to accelerate the decision-making process that maximises productivity while minimising resource wastage. GPS technology allows farmers to precisely map out their fields and create customised planting plans. This ensures that seeds are sown at optimal locations based on soil characteristics and previous yield data. By avoiding areas with poor fertility, farmers can increase their overall crop yield. Camera traps provide advance warnings of insects, so farmers do not have to treat the whole field. This, therefore, helps curb chemical runoff and save money for every party involved in the project. Technology also plays a vital role in optimising irrigation practices for sustainable agriculture. Specialised equipment reports dryness hour by hour, and weather apps forecast rain for the week ahead. Automated valves give each zone exactly the water it needs and pause when clouds are approaching. This cuts pumping costs and protects groundwater while keeping the crop healthy. On dry continents, such savings keep projects economically viable. The digital trail does not stop at the farm gate. Cloud platforms let project farmers, processors, and truck drivers input harvest weights, storage temperatures, and delivery times the moment they change, while blockchain records freeze each entry so customers can trust it. Analytic tools combine seasons of records to forecast demand, spot price opportunities, and mark weak points in the workflow. This allows project farmers to anticipate market demand, exploit resource allocation, and plan for potential challenges.
The word curb in paragraph 2 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ______.
A.
limit
B.
reduce
C.
monitor
D.
increase
The concept of project farming, where farmers come together to collaborate on large-scale agricultural projects, has gained significant traction, and modern technology keeps this collaboration on track. Advanced technologies such as GPS, sensors, drones, and data analytics are used to optimise agricultural practices. Additionally, the collected real-time data on soil conditions, weather patterns, and plant growth enables farmers to accelerate the decision-making process that maximises productivity while minimising resource wastage. GPS technology allows farmers to precisely map out their fields and create customised planting plans. This ensures that seeds are sown at optimal locations based on soil characteristics and previous yield data. By avoiding areas with poor fertility, farmers can increase their overall crop yield. Camera traps provide advance warnings of insects, so farmers do not have to treat the whole field. This, therefore, helps curb chemical runoff and save money for every party involved in the project. Technology also plays a vital role in optimising irrigation practices for sustainable agriculture. Specialised equipment reports dryness hour by hour, and weather apps forecast rain for the week ahead. Automated valves give each zone exactly the water it needs and pause when clouds are approaching. This cuts pumping costs and protects groundwater while keeping the crop healthy. On dry continents, such savings keep projects economically viable. The digital trail does not stop at the farm gate. Cloud platforms let project farmers, processors, and truck drivers input harvest weights, storage temperatures, and delivery times the moment they change, while blockchain records freeze each entry so customers can trust it. Analytic tools combine seasons of records to forecast demand, spot price opportunities, and mark weak points in the workflow. This allows project farmers to anticipate market demand, exploit resource allocation, and plan for potential challenges.
The word it in paragraph 3 refers to ______.
A.
equipment
B.
dryness
C.
zone
D.
week
The concept of project farming, where farmers come together to collaborate on large-scale agricultural projects, has gained significant traction, and modern technology keeps this collaboration on track. Advanced technologies such as GPS, sensors, drones, and data analytics are used to optimise agricultural practices. Additionally, the collected real-time data on soil conditions, weather patterns, and plant growth enables farmers to accelerate the decision-making process that maximises productivity while minimising resource wastage. GPS technology allows farmers to precisely map out their fields and create customised planting plans. This ensures that seeds are sown at optimal locations based on soil characteristics and previous yield data. By avoiding areas with poor fertility, farmers can increase their overall crop yield. Camera traps provide advance warnings of insects, so farmers do not have to treat the whole field. This, therefore, helps curb chemical runoff and save money for every party involved in the project. Technology also plays a vital role in optimising irrigation practices for sustainable agriculture. Specialised equipment reports dryness hour by hour, and weather apps forecast rain for the week ahead. Automated valves give each zone exactly the water it needs and pause when clouds are approaching. This cuts pumping costs and protects groundwater while keeping the crop healthy. On dry continents, such savings keep projects economically viable. The digital trail does not stop at the farm gate. Cloud platforms let project farmers, processors, and truck drivers input harvest weights, storage temperatures, and delivery times the moment they change, while blockchain records freeze each entry so customers can trust it. Analytic tools combine seasons of records to forecast demand, spot price opportunities, and mark weak points in the workflow. This allows project farmers to anticipate market demand, exploit resource allocation, and plan for potential challenges.
Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 3?
A.
Projects in dry regions are feasible because of the huge budget gained from applying smart irrigation.
B.
In places with hot weather, economic projects are possible with money saved from smart irrigation.
C.
Continents with dry climate are the most likely to enjoy financial benefits from smart irrigation projects.
D.
Money saved thanks to smart irrigation maintains the economic practicality of projects in dry areas.
The concept of project farming, where farmers come together to collaborate on large-scale agricultural projects, has gained significant traction, and modern technology keeps this collaboration on track. Advanced technologies such as GPS, sensors, drones, and data analytics are used to optimise agricultural practices. Additionally, the collected real-time data on soil conditions, weather patterns, and plant growth enables farmers to accelerate the decision-making process that maximises productivity while minimising resource wastage. GPS technology allows farmers to precisely map out their fields and create customised planting plans. This ensures that seeds are sown at optimal locations based on soil characteristics and previous yield data. By avoiding areas with poor fertility, farmers can increase their overall crop yield. Camera traps provide advance warnings of insects, so farmers do not have to treat the whole field. This, therefore, helps curb chemical runoff and save money for every party involved in the project. Technology also plays a vital role in optimising irrigation practices for sustainable agriculture. Specialised equipment reports dryness hour by hour, and weather apps forecast rain for the week ahead. Automated valves give each zone exactly the water it needs and pause when clouds are approaching. This cuts pumping costs and protects groundwater while keeping the crop healthy. On dry continents, such savings keep projects economically viable. The digital trail does not stop at the farm gate. Cloud platforms let project farmers, processors, and truck drivers input harvest weights, storage temperatures, and delivery times the moment they change, while blockchain records freeze each entry so customers can trust it. Analytic tools combine seasons of records to forecast demand, spot price opportunities, and mark weak points in the workflow. This allows project farmers to anticipate market demand, exploit resource allocation, and plan for potential challenges.
Which of the following is TRUE according to paragraph 4?
A.
The digital trail would stop after the project partners have gathered their harvest.
B.
With the help of analytic tools, project farmers can anticipate market demand.
C.
Cloud platforms allow processors to predict demand for the following seasons.
D.
Customers tend to find the entries frozen by blockchain records untrustworthy.
The concept of project farming, where farmers come together to collaborate on large-scale agricultural projects, has gained significant traction, and modern technology keeps this collaboration on track. Advanced technologies such as GPS, sensors, drones, and data analytics are used to optimise agricultural practices. Additionally, the collected real-time data on soil conditions, weather patterns, and plant growth enables farmers to accelerate the decision-making process that maximises productivity while minimising resource wastage. GPS technology allows farmers to precisely map out their fields and create customised planting plans. This ensures that seeds are sown at optimal locations based on soil characteristics and previous yield data. By avoiding areas with poor fertility, farmers can increase their overall crop yield. Camera traps provide advance warnings of insects, so farmers do not have to treat the whole field. This, therefore, helps curb chemical runoff and save money for every party involved in the project. Technology also plays a vital role in optimising irrigation practices for sustainable agriculture. Specialised equipment reports dryness hour by hour, and weather apps forecast rain for the week ahead. Automated valves give each zone exactly the water it needs and pause when clouds are approaching. This cuts pumping costs and protects groundwater while keeping the crop healthy. On dry continents, such savings keep projects economically viable. The digital trail does not stop at the farm gate. Cloud platforms let project farmers, processors, and truck drivers input harvest weights, storage temperatures, and delivery times the moment they change, while blockchain records freeze each entry so customers can trust it. Analytic tools combine seasons of records to forecast demand, spot price opportunities, and mark weak points in the workflow. This allows project farmers to anticipate market demand, exploit resource allocation, and plan for potential challenges.
Which paragraph mentions real-time tracking of produce?
A.
Paragraph 1
B.
Paragraph 2
C.
Paragraph 4
D.
Paragraph 3
The concept of project farming, where farmers come together to collaborate on large-scale agricultural projects, has gained significant traction, and modern technology keeps this collaboration on track. Advanced technologies such as GPS, sensors, drones, and data analytics are used to optimise agricultural practices. Additionally, the collected real-time data on soil conditions, weather patterns, and plant growth enables farmers to accelerate the decision-making process that maximises productivity while minimising resource wastage. GPS technology allows farmers to precisely map out their fields and create customised planting plans. This ensures that seeds are sown at optimal locations based on soil characteristics and previous yield data. By avoiding areas with poor fertility, farmers can increase their overall crop yield. Camera traps provide advance warnings of insects, so farmers do not have to treat the whole field. This, therefore, helps curb chemical runoff and save money for every party involved in the project. Technology also plays a vital role in optimising irrigation practices for sustainable agriculture. Specialised equipment reports dryness hour by hour, and weather apps forecast rain for the week ahead. Automated valves give each zone exactly the water it needs and pause when clouds are approaching. This cuts pumping costs and protects groundwater while keeping the crop healthy. On dry continents, such savings keep projects economically viable. The digital trail does not stop at the farm gate. Cloud platforms let project farmers, processors, and truck drivers input harvest weights, storage temperatures, and delivery times the moment they change, while blockchain records freeze each entry so customers can trust it. Analytic tools combine seasons of records to forecast demand, spot price opportunities, and mark weak points in the workflow. This allows project farmers to anticipate market demand, exploit resource allocation, and plan for potential challenges.
Which paragraph mentions a preventive measure against biological threats?
A.
Paragraph 1
B.
Paragraph 3
C.
Paragraph 4
D.
Paragraph 2
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